Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. While the defendant refused that request, the defendant did have a comprehensive diabetes accommodation policy, which they also amended during the course of litigation. The member that prevents a set of trusses from tipping over is called a _____. These organizations offer programs and services in countless fields, including social services, health care, public safety, education, justice, transportation, housing, and more. Suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manual hoists shall be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. Wood poles must not exceed 30ft in air. When lanyards are connected to horizontal lifelines or structural members on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines and automatic locking devices capable of stopping the fall of the scaffold in the event one or both of the suspension ropes fail. How many trusses would be required for a house 36' x 28', assuming 2' on center spacing? Ceiling joists can be supported by all of the following except __________. Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. If so, one wonders just what the deposition preparation involved. Where scaffolds must be used in areas that the employer can demonstrate are so narrow that platforms and walkways cannot be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, such platforms and walkways shall be as wide as feasible, and employees on those platforms and walkways shall be protected from fall hazards by the use of guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems. Non-uniform rung spacing caused by joining end frames together is allowed, provided the resulting spacing does not exceed 16 inches (43 cm). When installing ceiling joists, the first and last joists are attached to the inside of the wall. Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the suspension ropes. The workers allowed to climb an access ladder for a metal tubular scaffold that has its rungs spaced 18" apart are the scaffold erectors only Wood scaffold planks, when loaded should deflect no more than 1/60th of the span Guardrails must be installed on all scaffolds more than 10' in height Guardrail systems installed to meet the requirements of this section shall comply with the following provisions (guardrail systems built in accordance with appendix A to this subpart will be deemed to meet the requirements of paragraphs (g)(4) (vii), (viii), and (ix) of this section): A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 1 inch (2 4 cm) wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 50 pounds (222 n) applied in any downward or horizontal direction at any point along the toeboard (toeboards built in accordance with appendix A to this subpart will be deemed to meet this requirement); and, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, 10 feet (3.1 m) plus 0.4 inches (1.0 cm) for each 1 kv over 50 kv. Required when there are no ceiling joists. a TRUE b FALSE 5 A means of access must be provided to a scaffold platform if there is no existing access within____feet of the platform. When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. The use of repaired wire rope as suspension rope is prohibited. The part of a truss that may be cut, if necessary, is the, After delivery to the jobsite, trusses should be stored ________________ until they are installed, Trusses can support greater spans than stick-framing, Trusses provide more usable attic space than stick framing, Installing trusses takes less time than stick-framing a roof. Suspension scaffold outrigger beams, when used, shall be made of structural metal or equivalent strength material, and shall be restrained to prevent movement. When ceiling joists are lapped on the bearing partition, the joints between the ceiling joists and rafters are set 16" o/c from the layout corner on both sides of the roof, the rafters are installed 16" o/c from the layout corner on both sides of the roof, and the ceiling joists are laid out next to them, The first and last ceiling joists are installed, with the outside face of the joist aligned with the inside face of the wall, to provide a nailer for drywall. Non-mandatory appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with paragraph (a) of this section. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet above or below a point of access. The typical amount that a hip rafter is shortened because of the ridge is, Rafter that runs at a 45 angle from the corner of the wall plate to the ridge. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system, not for each flight of stairs. Cross-braces shall not be used as a means of access. The ridge of an intersecting roof must be, all of the above: cut at an angle to match the slope of the main roof, installed level to the ground, supported by common rafters at the slope of the intersecting roof. The child is able to monitor her glucose levels independently but is unable to self administer insulin injections if needed. Debris shall not be allowed to accumulate on platforms. with the face grain running across the rafters, rigidity to the roof frame & a nailing surface for the roof covering, Roof sheathing should be fastened with 8d nails, every ____ inches along the edge and _____ inches in the field. On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap shall occur only over supports, and shall not be less than 12 inches (30 cm) unless the platforms are nailed together or otherwise restrained to prevent movement. Recalculate the values in Prob. Scaffolding must not be placed on unstable objects, such as bricks or blocks. The ADA entitles persons with disabilities to reasonable accommodations not to optimal ones finely tuned to their preferences. In fact, plaintiff stated that the child only needed three insulin injections since her diagnosis in 2012, and in those situations, it was absolutely not an emergency because the childs insulin pump kept the child regulated; 2) plaintiff could not remember a time in the last year when the childs school nurse was required to give the child an insulin injection; and 3) plaintiff admitted that assuming glucagon injection could be given, her child would be able to attend camp with just an insulin pump. as a nailing surface for ceiling drywall and to keep the walls from spreading out due to the weight of the roof. Guardrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. The steel pipe is fixed supported at its ends. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall not be loaded in excess of their maximum intended loads or rated capacities, whichever is less. 2 times the length of the line insulator, but never less than 10 feet (3.1 m). For the situation you described, the deck inside the scaffold uprights provides the access point to the side-bracket platform. What is the hip projection, in inches, if the actual common rafter projection is 6"? Each platform greater than 10 feet in length shall not extend over its support more than 18 inches (46 cm), unless it is designed and installed so that the cantilevered portion of the platform is able to support employees without tipping, or has guardrails which block employee access to the cantilevered end. General access scaffolds provide a means of working at height while preventing falls and should be provided whenever practicable. Ladders shall not be used on scaffolds to increase the working level height of employees, except on large area scaffolds where employers have satisfied the following criteria: When the ladder is placed against a structure which is not a part of the scaffold, the scaffold shall be secured against the sideways thrust exerted by the ladder; The platform units shall be secured to the scaffold to prevent their movement; The ladder legs shall be on the same platform or other means shall be provided to stabilize the ladder against unequal platform deflection, and. When Does Statute of Limitations Begin to Run in Failure to Accommodate Cases and What is the Burden of Proof, If it Looks Like a Duck, Quacks Like a Duck, it is Not a Duck. Meaningful access does not mean total access, If the ADA Undue Hardship Paradigm Comes to Religious Accommodations Requests, Plaintiff Could Still Lose. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the number one killer on construction sites is _____. This really is a fluid process that must evolve over time to meet the organizations mission and keep up with demographic changes. They are designed to support workers only. The best approaches maximize an organizations own internal bilingual resources and pull in professional language solutions when needed, while balancing budget and community considerations. Window cleaners' anchors shall not be used for this purpose. Est=200GPa,=250MPa. Evidence that the secondary brake has been activated during an overspeed condition and has engaged the suspension rope. What is the line length of a hip rafter for the building in our lab, with a unit rise of 6 inches and a run of 3 feet? When an outrigger beam is used, the shackle or clevis with which the rope is attached to the outrigger beam shall be placed directly over the center line of the stirrup. Doing so, can go a long way in showing the court that the defendants policy ensures that meaningful access is granted to the person with a disability. Horizontal lifelines shall not be attached only to the suspension ropes. Roof sheathing may also be called roof decking, and to sheathe a roof means the same as to deck a roof. Labor and Employment law blog (management), Ohio Employment lawyer blog (Jonathan Hyman-management), PLAINTIFF California Labor and Employment Law Blog, Robin Sheas Employment and Labor Law Insider blog, Title III and Fair Housing Act Blog (defense). Why then do we worry about high surface temperatures today? There are abundant examples of resourceful and creative plans that combine community input, internal language resources, and coordinated management. Pump jack scaffolds usually have a weight limitation of _____ pounds. When laying out a common rafter, plumb lines are drawn: When laying out a common rafter, level lines are drawn, The minimum amount of stock left above the seat cut of the common rafter to ensure enough strength to support the overhang is usually, The estimated number of gable rafters for a rectangular building measuring 28' x 48' is, a rafter that slopes up from wall to ridge board, the common rafters that make up a gable roof system, the horizontal member that forms the highest point of the roof system, the horizontal distance covered by the roof; usually the width of the building. The height of a mobile scaffold must not exceed the minimum base dimension by. Direct access to or from another surface shall be used only when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surface. Unstable objects shall not be used to support scaffolds or platform units. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. 1. If there is a tail line below the hoist, it shall be insulated to prevent contact with the platform. Where the employer makes the demonstration provided for in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section, the platform shall be planked or decked as fully as possible and the remaining open space between the platform and the uprights shall not exceed 9 inches (24.1 cm). Access. LEXIS 168680 (M.D. sunken stomata and transpiration.. a means of access must be provided to a scaffold. Unstable objects shall not be used as working platforms. A scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. Failure to observe recommendations for erecting and bracing trusses may result in structural collapse. The rafter that spans from a hip rafter to the ridge is a. Access must be provided when the scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access. When acids or other corrosive substances are used on a scaffold, the ropes shall be shielded, treated to protect against the corrosive substances, or shall be of a material that will not be damaged by the substance being used. Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be of a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. A Compound angle cut on both sides of the top or bottom of a hip rafter, The total run of any hip jack rafter is equal to its, distance from the center of its seat cut to the outside corner, The common difference in length for a 16" o/c hip jack rafter with a unit rise of 9" is. Find 7 ways to say MEANS OF ACCESS, along with antonyms, related words, and example sentences at Thesaurus.com, the world's most trusted free thesaurus. Each employee performing overhand bricklaying operations from a supported scaffold shall be protected from falling from all open sides and ends of the scaffold (except at the side next to the wall being laid) by the use of a personal fall arrest system or guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity). Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 inches. Guardrails meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section shall be provided on the open sides and ends of each landing. Crossbracing is acceptable in place of a midrail when the crossing point of two braces is between 20 inches (0.5 m) and 30 inches (0.8 m) above the work platform or as a toprail when the crossing point of two braces is between 38 inches (0.97 m) and 48 inches (1.3 m) above the work platform. This determination shall be based on site conditions and the type of scaffold being erected or dismantled. No ramp or walkway shall be inclined more than a slope of one (1) vertical to three (3) horizontal (20 degrees above the horizontal). A gable roof is made up of one type of rafter called a common rafter. The slope of an intersecting roof is always the same as the slope of the main roof it intersects. Wheelchairs On Planes: Why Cant Passengers Use Their Own Onboard? prevent the spreading of the exterior walls. ___________ are usually 2x4's installed flat on the top of the ceiling joists to stiffen and space the joists. The employer shall provide safe means of access for each employee erecting or dismantling a scaffold where the provision of safe access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. To convert fractions of an inch to a decimal equivalent, one must ____. Counterweights shall not be removed from an outrigger beam until the scaffold is disassembled. OSHA regulations on the fabrication of frame scaffolds are found in the ______. Bi 09/04/2023 09/04/2023 Considering how federal funds flow into government agencies at all levels, as well as non-profits and other organizations, EO 13166 affects thousands of organizations. William Goren is one of the countrys foremost authorities on the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. At least three and one-half inches (9 cm) high from the top edge of the toeboard to the level of the walking/working surface. Such guys, ties and braces shall be installed at each end of the scaffold and at horizontal intervals not to exceed 30 feet (9.1 m) (measured from one end [not both] towards the other). Suspension scaffold support devices such as cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices shall be: Made of steel, wrought iron, or materials of equivalent strength; Secured against movement by tiebacks installed at right angles to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed and secured to a structurally sound point of anchorage on the building or structure. Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. When winding drum hoists are used on a suspension scaffold, they shall contain not less than four wraps of the suspension rope at the lowest point of scaffold travel. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. Scaffolds shall be designed by a qualified person and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design. Also, I am even more fortunate that none of these blog entries in the niche category overlap with each other. A ladder or other safe means of access must be provided. Platforms shall not deflect more than 160 of the span when loaded. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall bear on base plates and mud sills or other adequate firm foundation. If the slope of a ramp or a walkway is steeper than one (1) vertical in eight (8) horizontal, the ramp or walkway shall have cleats not more than fourteen (14) inches (35 cm) apart which are securely fastened to the planks to provide footing. Since 1990, he has been advising on ADA compliance as both an attorney and professorof which during his time as a full-time academic at various institutions in Chicago, he won numerous teaching awards and achieved tenure. a small right triangle found on a set of prints stating the rafters' run and rise, the ratio of rise to the span of the roof, the horizontal member that forms the highest point of the rafters and secures the upper end of the rafters. 6, 1979, as amended at 58 FR 35182 and 35310, June 30, 1993; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30 1996; 61 FR 59831, Nov. 25, 1996], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Identifying "Meaningful Access". Kinks that might impair the tracking or wrapping of rope around the drum(s) or sheave(s). An intersecting roof may be framed out with valley rafters on the main roof, or framed later on top of the main roof decking. Stairway-type Ladders Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which the scaffold is supported. Access Requirements Stairtowers (Scaffold Stairway/Towers) Each side of the scaffold stairway must have a stair rail that includes a toprail and a midrail. Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above a lower level shall be protected from falling to that lower level. Scaffolds are commonly used in construction work so workers have a safe, stable work platform when work cannot be done at ground level or on a finished floor. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Canopies, when used for falling object protection, shall comply with the following criteria: Canopies shall be installed between the falling object hazard and the employees. All scaffolding should be able to support ____ times the intended load. Manually operated hoists shall require a positive crank force to descend. jimmy carter health 2022 . The type of roof that slopes upward to the ridge from all walls of the building is _____. ___ scaffolds consist of one or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, uprights, posts, frames or similar rigid support. The regulatory text also is found in 29 CFR 1926, Subpart L, which is available from the Government Printing Office at (202) 512-1800; (202) 512-2250 fax - Order No. Paragraph (g)(2) of this section addresses fall protection for scaffold erectors and dismantlers. The clearance between scaffolds and power lines shall be as follows: Scaffolds shall not be erected, used, dismantled, altered, or moved such that they or any conductive material handled on them might come closer to exposed and energized power lines than as follows: Exception to paragraph (f)(6): Scaffolds and materials may be closer to power lines than specified above where such clearance is necessary for performance of work, and only after the utility company, or electrical system operator, has been notified of the need to work closer and the utility company, or electrical system operator, has deenergized the lines, relocated the lines, or installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. The defendants diabetes accommodation policy, mentioned above, was quite extensive. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. 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